Teen Smoking :: essays research papers

Teen Smoking Teen smoking. Those two words mean a lot of things to a lot of different people. To some it means nothing. They are just two meaningless words found under T and S in the dictionary. To others it is as if these words symbolize some sort of treason or crime against society. Yet to others it is just another stereotype to be placed under. And to some it is a salvation. An escape. Unfortunately I am writing this paper so you will get my positions on teen smoking rather than other peoples. Teen smoking gathers a lot of emotions when I think about it. It makes me very angry sometimes. My first draft of this was good but I saw myself getting angry and lashing out on everyone, so I revised it. But enough of that, I find teen smoking to be a very controversial subject. To be completely honest with you I am smoking right now as I am writing this. Obviously I am a smoker. I am 17 years old and I am a smoker. In the late 1990’s, the statistics showed that approximately 25% of teens smoke. That’s one out of every four teenagers. High school is a tough time for teens. These years are critical to a teens future. This explains why a vast majority of smokers start at 16 years or younger with the most common age being 14 years old(freshman). It has also been proven also that teens who score lower in school smoke more than higher scoring students do. It seems that everyone smokes in our school. Our school is overrun with smokers. It is right now at least 50% smokers and 65% if you count the people who will smoke before their high school career is up. We practically encourage it. I mean Fireman’s Field practically condones teen smoking. Teen smoking is defiantly a problem in our school, as well as schools all over the United States. I feel that teen smoking is a huge problem. I feel that too many teenagers smoke cigarettes. It is something that needs to get dealt with. But before I get into that I should probably start with the causes of teen smoki ng. There are several factors that start teens on smoking cigarettes. There has to be considering that over 1 million new teenagers will start smoking annually. The most common is peer pressure. Teen Smoking :: essays research papers Teen Smoking Teen smoking. Those two words mean a lot of things to a lot of different people. To some it means nothing. They are just two meaningless words found under T and S in the dictionary. To others it is as if these words symbolize some sort of treason or crime against society. Yet to others it is just another stereotype to be placed under. And to some it is a salvation. An escape. Unfortunately I am writing this paper so you will get my positions on teen smoking rather than other peoples. Teen smoking gathers a lot of emotions when I think about it. It makes me very angry sometimes. My first draft of this was good but I saw myself getting angry and lashing out on everyone, so I revised it. But enough of that, I find teen smoking to be a very controversial subject. To be completely honest with you I am smoking right now as I am writing this. Obviously I am a smoker. I am 17 years old and I am a smoker. In the late 1990’s, the statistics showed that approximately 25% of teens smoke. That’s one out of every four teenagers. High school is a tough time for teens. These years are critical to a teens future. This explains why a vast majority of smokers start at 16 years or younger with the most common age being 14 years old(freshman). It has also been proven also that teens who score lower in school smoke more than higher scoring students do. It seems that everyone smokes in our school. Our school is overrun with smokers. It is right now at least 50% smokers and 65% if you count the people who will smoke before their high school career is up. We practically encourage it. I mean Fireman’s Field practically condones teen smoking. Teen smoking is defiantly a problem in our school, as well as schools all over the United States. I feel that teen smoking is a huge problem. I feel that too many teenagers smoke cigarettes. It is something that needs to get dealt with. But before I get into that I should probably start with the causes of teen smoki ng. There are several factors that start teens on smoking cigarettes. There has to be considering that over 1 million new teenagers will start smoking annually. The most common is peer pressure.

Review Questions

In your own words explain what is meant by: vision, mission and goals. Vision – it is an aspirational view of what the company will be like in the future. It is a detailed description of how things will be when the organization eventually reaches its destination. Mission † A mission statement answers the question â€Å"Why do we exist? † and expresses the company's purpose both for those in the organization and for the public. It identifies the organizations reason for being and may define the rganizations primary customers, the products and services that they produce.Purpose is to communicate what the company stands for and where it is heading. Goals – Is basically what the organization alms to achieve In future, perhaps to increase revenue, profit, reputation and loyalty to the public. 2) Discuss their role on strategy formulation. The vision, mission and goals play a great part when organizations formulate their strategy for the long term direction as it will help to identify the implementation steps, the planning, coordination, collaboration, communication and control that the ompany will need to do In order to achieve the maln goal of their organization. ) In your opinion, what should be the starting point for strategy formulation be? The competitive advantage from the resource and capabilities of the organization will be the starting point of strategy formulation. Organizations identify how they differ from their competitors and design such strategies to exploit such differences, as strategy is about being different and this will help In formulating long term direction, scope of the organization and alrnlng to achieve advantage In a changing environment.International strategy 1) What Is the difference between global and multl-domestlc strategy? Global Strategy – assumes a single market and offers a standard product to meet customer needs wherever they are located. This is a cost leadership strategy, exploiting economies o f scale and other cost efficiencies. Multi-domestic strategy – assumes variance in customers needs according to their location and therefore issues a differentiation strategy, adapting products and services to make unique local requirements. ) Identify five examples of each. Multi-domestic Strategy 1) Red bull and Packaging 2) Nokia 2) 3) Reebok 3) 4) Ford Motor 4) 5) McDonalds 5) Value chain and value system 1) Explain how the concept/framework of the value chain and value system may help in the strategy formulation process. The value chain will help identify competitive advantage. Focusing on the way the organization may use its resources may allow the organization to identify how it can be different and unique or where it can be more efficient. ) With reference to the value chain; identify alternative strategies available to the nternational organization Since an international organization will typically comprise of more than one business, the organization should be decomp osed into strategic business units with different strategies considered for each. An organization can develop cost leadership, product differentiation, and business innovation strategies to confront its competitive forces. Cost leadership requires the organization to find and exploit sources of cost advantages, efficient manufacturing processes and tight cost controls.Product differentiation is based on understanding the customers and heir needs in order to provide something unique and valuable to them. Generic Strategy 1) Describe each of the generic strategies Segmentation strategy Cost leadership – This strategy involves the firm winning market share by appealing to cost-conscious or price-sensitive customers. This is achieved by having the lowest prices in the target market segment, or at least the lowest price to value ratio (price compared to what customers receive).To succeed at offering the lowest price while still achieving profitability and a high return on investme nt, the firm must be able to Differentiation strategy – A differentiation strategy is appropriate where the target customer segment is not price-sensitive, the market is competitive or saturated, customers have very specific needs which are possibly under-served, and the firm has unique resources and capabilities which enable it to satisfy these needs in ways that are difficult to copy. 2) Identify and describe the strategies that may deliver a competitive advantage.Since an international organization will typically comprise of more than one business, he organization should be decomposed into strategic business units with different strategies considered for each. An organization can develop cost leadership, product differentiation, and business innovation strategies to confront its competitive forces. Cost leadership requires the organization to find and exploit sources of cost advantages, efficient manufacturing processes and tight cost controls. Product differentiation is b ased on understanding the customers and their needs in order to provide something unique and valuable to them.Strategy formulation 1) Identify and describe the different ways strategy may be formed within organizations In general terms, strategy formation in most organizations can be thought of as resolving around the interplay for three basic forces: An environment that changes continuously but regularly; An organizational operating system A leadership whose role is to mediate between these two forces, to maintain the stability of the organizations operating system while at the same time ensuring its adaptation to environmental change. Describe the key stages in a typical planning approach to strategy formulation 3) Critically evaluate, compare and contrast the planning and adaptive modes of strategy formulation Competitive advantange 1) In your own words, explain what is meany by resource, routine, capability and competence. Review Questions 1. Explain the significance of components (encapsulation) in the context of object-oriented development. 2. Explain how does OO based development helps reuse? 3. How does the concept of inheritance relate to OO-based development? 4. How does the concept of composition/ aggregation relate to OO-based development? 5. Identify the four components of a use case and how they affect each other. 6. Provide an example for actor generalization. What is the significance of generalizing or specializing actors? 7. Provide an example for use case generalization. What is its significance? 8.What are the differences between â€Å"extend† and â€Å"include† use cases? 9. How do you define structural modeling in an object-oriented approach? 10. How would you distinguish objects from classes? Can you provide an example? 11. Where do classes originate from? 12. To build an information system, which one do you need to identify first, classes or objects? Explain. 13. Structural modeling rep resents classes or objects? 14. How does encapsulation protect business rules from unauthorized access and manipulation? 15. How does an object’s interface relate to services that the object provides? 6. Comment on the statement: â€Å"Classes provide the containers and objects provide the contents. † 17. Why should operations be described by verbs? 18. What is â€Å"protected† visibility? Give an example. 19. What is the difference between aggregation and composition? Give an example for each. 20. Describe the relationship between dynamic modeling, behavioral modeling and structural modeling. 21. Comment on this statement: â€Å"Dynamic modeling is about interaction. † 22. How sequence diagram differs from use-case modeling? 23. Explain how objects interact by exchanging messages. 4. Explain the role of parameters and return values in exchanging messages. 25. What are the building blocks of a sequence diagram? 26. Explain the lifetime of an object. Provi de an example. 27. How actors and objects fit in a sequence diagram? 28. Why dynamic modeling is based on objects, but not classes? 29. Explain the following pairs in relation to each other: a. Method & Operation b. Event & State. c. Interaction & Message. 30. What are the components of statechart modeling? 31. What is the significance of statechart modeling? Review Questions 1. Explain the significance of components (encapsulation) in the context of object-oriented development. 2. Explain how does OO based development helps reuse? 3. How does the concept of inheritance relate to OO-based development? 4. How does the concept of composition/ aggregation relate to OO-based development? 5. Identify the four components of a use case and how they affect each other. 6. Provide an example for actor generalization. What is the significance of generalizing or specializing actors? 7. Provide an example for use case generalization. What is its significance? 8.What are the differences between â€Å"extend† and â€Å"include† use cases? 9. How do you define structural modeling in an object-oriented approach? 10. How would you distinguish objects from classes? Can you provide an example? 11. Where do classes originate from? 12. To build an information system, which one do you need to identify first, classes or objects? Explain. 13. Structural modeling rep resents classes or objects? 14. How does encapsulation protect business rules from unauthorized access and manipulation? 15. How does an object’s interface relate to services that the object provides? 6. Comment on the statement: â€Å"Classes provide the containers and objects provide the contents. † 17. Why should operations be described by verbs? 18. What is â€Å"protected† visibility? Give an example. 19. What is the difference between aggregation and composition? Give an example for each. 20. Describe the relationship between dynamic modeling, behavioral modeling and structural modeling. 21. Comment on this statement: â€Å"Dynamic modeling is about interaction. † 22. How sequence diagram differs from use-case modeling? 23. Explain how objects interact by exchanging messages. 4. Explain the role of parameters and return values in exchanging messages. 25. What are the building blocks of a sequence diagram? 26. Explain the lifetime of an object. Provi de an example. 27. How actors and objects fit in a sequence diagram? 28. Why dynamic modeling is based on objects, but not classes? 29. Explain the following pairs in relation to each other: a. Method & Operation b. Event & State. c. Interaction & Message. 30. What are the components of statechart modeling? 31. What is the significance of statechart modeling?

Social Interaction Patterns - 1801 Words

Social Setting Project Introduction: For this specific project, I conducted observations at three high end franchise coffee shops; I will not be referring to the names of the individual stores throughout my report, as I have collaborated my findings. For the purposes of reader understanding and introduction, the names of the different coffee factories I observed were: Starbucks, Timothy’s World Coffee, and Second Cup. The purpose of the observations was to document what kind of social interactions are going on in a typical coffee shop, interactions that to the naked eye, seem to be normal. I will explain in this report that these social interactions that are occurring in different coffee shops, are meant to take place. Method:†¦show more content†¦People that were interacting with each other almost had a form of tunnel vision, like they were living in their own mileux, with no regard to the atmosphere they were inhibiting. I used the participant observation method, to much of the patrons and staff; I looked like a regular customer doing homework on my laptop. In order to play the part of a â€Å"fly on the wall† I did purchase a coffee at every observation, the thought of sitting down in a coffee shop by myself without purchasing anything seemed a little odd to me, then again, maybe that is how it is meant to feel. Results of the Field Research: a) To my surprise, the settings of all of these coffee shops were relatively the same. Yes there were differences, but mostly in the age of the people working there or frequenting the establishment, other than those couple of things-everything was generally the same. The list of similarities versus the difference is totally skewed toward similarities. I think it would be harder for an observer to pick out the differences of these franchises rather than their similarities. First let’s discuss the companies’ logos themselves. Each one of the companies uses colors and text script that says something about their atmosphere. Each logo uses soothing earthy tones, or colors and script that are cognitively associated with good memories for the average consumer. By nothing else; the logo invites you into the store. Upon entering the stores, you are bombarded by theShow MoreRelatedThe Way We Are Socialized And Why Come From Sociologist Dr. Michael S chwalbe1081 Words   |  5 Pagesby following social patterns, and Erving Goffman who believed the process of socialization is more or less like the theatrical stage. In the book, The Sociologically Examined Life, chapter 7, by sociologist Dr. Michael Schwalbe, he explains that people follow certain patterns in order to navigate life. He states, â€Å"†¦part of being sociologically mindful is seeing that the social world works in patterned ways.† We learn to become members of society by identifying and following patterns of a given societyRead MoreFamily Violence Essay762 Words   |  4 Pagesof these offenders thinking and patterns of acceptable behaviors which made violence against another person to be acceptable practice. 3. What might this article add to understanding global offenders? I think that it would be interesting to see how the statistics would change once the offenders went through extensive therapy. Would the therapy break or improve the cycle of violence? And by how much? 4. What does this issue identify about potential social marginalization? Because theseRead MoreSocial Order (Foucault and Goffman)1463 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Social order derives from an interpretation of a net of relations, symbols and social codes. It creates a sense of how individuals all fit together in shared spaces (Silva, 2009, p. 308), and thus relies on encoding of human behaviour in physical spaces as well as among various individuals. In any society, people must acquire knowledge of how to relate to one another and their environment. Order is then established by a normalisation and standardisation of this knowledge. This essayRead MoreSelf Communication And Conscious Communication1478 Words   |  6 Pagesforms of communication in order to transfer and receive information to and from one another; conscious communication and sub- conscious communication (Harvard Business Review, 2011). We use these communication modalities to navigate various social interactions and convey certain images of ourselves to society. The conscious element of how humans convey information is deliberate (e.g. choosing to laugh at a joke) and controlla ble (e.g. changing the model of the car that we drive), these displays areRead MoreThe Conflict Resolution Of Sri Lanka1374 Words   |  6 Pagesthe society. There are three main theories on conflict resolution, that is, the functionalist theory, symbolic interaction theory and the conflict theory. The assumption governing the Functionalist theory involves the presence of organized societies. According to this theory, conflict is not desirable as members of the society are expected to conform to the existing political and social norms (Shepard 2012). This theory argues that the society is a complex system whose parts work together so as toRead MoreDifferent Types Of Values967 Words   |  4 Pagesnumbers given. The box and whisker plots confirm this showing that the bottom 25% of values is 0 for ATSI students and 5 or less for non-ATSI students. From looking at the box and whisker plot it indicates that non-ATSI students do engage in more social interaction with friends. This is shown through a larger range and each quartile other than 1 being a higher number. The range of the middle 50% for ATSI is 23 (0-23), whereas for non-ATSI’s it is 17 (5-22). Whilst a bigger IQR is evident for ATSI’s theRead MoreChimpanzees Exhibit Culture Through Social Interaction1167 Wo rds   |  5 Pagessociety, individuals make up social groupings that form ideas, behaviors and materials objects that encompass what they define as culture. Culture is not only essential for survival, but for growth and communication; through interaction, observation and imitation our behavioral patterns thus create culture. Since culture is such a tool kit for survival, it does not come as a surprise that culture is apparent in animals. Animal culture refers to the theory of social interaction, through means of learningRead More Temple Grandin Essay example1124 Words   |  5 Pagesof autistic children are intellectually and analytically oriented, but lack emotional warmth (Meyer, Chapman, Weaver, 2009).Some psychodynamic theorist believe autistic children were born normal, but became autistic after experiencing painful interactions with hostile or cold parents (Hansell Damour, 2008). The term autistic implies a failure to effectively relate to the environment. Autistic indivi duals are perceived as elusive and distant (Meyer, Chapman, Weaver, 2009). Behavioral programsRead MoreHuman And Social Interaction And Development Of Self1703 Words   |  7 Pageshave about status, class, abilities sociologists study how self-identity develops especially in relation to social factors as majority of them belive â€Å"One way in which a person s sense of self is constructed is by other people is by how others seem to regard and respond to us† (uts, p.22). Goffman uses the imagery of the theatre in order to portray the importance of human and social interaction and the development of self whilst Mead believes that self is developed through a constant internal conversionRead MoreReview Of Rain Man By Dustin Hoffman And Tom Cruise s Movie Fog Man1584 Words   |  7 PagesDisorders (5th ed,; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), Raymond is diagnosed as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This paper will describe the symptoms on DSM-5 accompany Raymondâ⠂¬â„¢s behaviors in the movie. Moreover, biological, psychological, and social factors could influence ASD’s development in variance ways. The suggested treatment will also be discussed. First time Raymond appeared in the movie, he recognized the car, and he just directly sited in the car. â€Å"I’m sorry, this is not your car.†

How Many African Countries Are Landlocked

Out of Africa’s 55 countries, 16 of them are landlocked: Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Niger, Rwanda, South Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. In other words, about a third of the continent is made up of countries that have no access to the ocean or sea.  Of Africa’s landlocked countries, 14 of them are ranked â€Å"low†Ã‚  on the  Human Development Index  (HDI), a statistic that takes into account factors such as life expectancy, education, and income per capita. Why Does Being Landlocked Matter? A country’s level of access to water can have an enormous effect  on its economy. Being landlocked is more problematic for importing and exporting goods because it is much cheaper to transport products over water than over land.  Land transport  also takes longer. These factors make it more difficult for landlocked countries to participate in the global economy, and landlocked nations thus grow more slowly than countries that have water access.   Transit Costs Because of decreased access to trade, landlocked countries are often cut off from selling and purchasing goods.  The  fuel prices that they have to pay and the amount of fuel they have to use to move goods and people are higher as well.  Cartel control  among the companies that truck the goods can make shipping prices artificially high. Dependence on Neighboring Countries In theory, international treaties should guarantee countries access to oceans, but it is not always this easy. â€Å"Transit states†Ã¢â‚¬â€those with access to coasts—determine how to implement these treaties. They call the shots at granting shipping or port access to their landlocked neighbors, and if the governments are  corrupt, that can add an extra layer of cost or delays in shipping goods, including border and port bottlenecks,  tariffs, or customs regulations problems. If their neighbors infrastructure isnt well developed or border crossings are  inefficient, that adds to the problems of the landlocked country and the slowdown.  When their goods finally do make it to port, they wait longer to get their goods  out  of port as well, let alone getting to the port in the first place. If the neighboring country is unsettled or at war, transportation for the landlocked countrys goods could be impossible through that neighbor and its water access be much further afield—a span of years.   Infrastructure Problems   It is  difficult for landlocked nations to build infrastructure and attract any outside investment in infrastructure projects that would allow easy border passage.  Depending on a landlocked nations geographic location, goods coming from there may have to travel long distances over poor infrastructure just to reach the neighbor with the coastal shipping access, let alone travel through that country to arrive at the coast.  Poor infrastructure and issues with borders can lead to unpredictability in logistics and thus harm  the countrys companies ability to compete in the global marketplace.   Problems in Moving People Poor infrastructure of landlocked nations hurts tourism from outside nations, and international tourism is one of the worlds largest industries. But the lack of access to easy transit in and out of a country can have even worse effects; in times of natural disaster or violent regional conflict, escape is much more difficult for residents of landlocked nations.

The Foundational Concept Of The Renaissance - 1240 Words

The foundational concept of the Renaissance was humanism during the fourteenth and fifteenth century. Humanism started in the capital city of Florentine (Florence), which is in the Italian region of Tuscany. Studia humanitatis (studies of humanity), is a latin term coined during the Renaissance period and was used by Cicero and other Roman writers. Studia humanitatis consisted of five subjects: (i.) grammar, (ii.) rhetoric, (iii.) history, (iv.) poetry, (v.) moral philosophy. Francesco Petrarca, also known as Petrarch, was an Italian scholar and poet who lived in Florence. He was the one who restored Cicero’s idea of humanism. Petrarch’s works were spread widely throughout Italy in cities like Florence, Milan, Padua, and Naples. From Petrarch’s works being spread all across Italy, humanist learning started to form political ideologies. Thus, Petrarch was known as the Father of Humanism. The works of Petrarch influenced the rise of â€Å"Civic Humanists†. C ivic humanism developed in Florence circa 1390-1450. Hans Baron, who was a scholar of the late medieval and modern Italian history, studied the Italian Renaissance and more specifically the question of civic humanism. Around 1928 he introduced the term civic humanism. Civic humanism emerged in the era of the Renaissance and was influenced by the governmental forms and texts of Cicero and other Roman writers. Civic humanism was constructed around the ideas of civic virtue, civic society, and mixed government. Bruno states thatShow MoreRelatedThe Renaissance As An Age Of Gold1864 Words   |  8 PagesThe renaissance was period of rebirth in Europe in the 14th to 17th century that began to change the views of philosophy, politics, and arts. This was a significant change that was spread throughout Europe and shaped everyone’s views. The Renaissance was a movement of cultural revival which sought to rediscover and redeploy the languages, learning and artistic achievements of the classical world. It used to be claimed as the dawn of modernity . The idea of the Renaissance as an age of gold afterRead MoreThe Sixth Decade By Jonathan Schell1071 Words   |  5 Pageswere extremely high during the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis to the spread of nuclear knowledge and technology in the 1990s to unstable nations like Iraq and Pakistan, increasing the risk and fear of a nuclear war. Schell brings up some important foundational questions like what can be done? Where are we heading? Why has the nuclear threat been revived? The Seventh Decade calls into question for a global debate to end nuclear weapons and the prompt danger that lies for the human race. Schell assertsRead More`` Two Treatises Of Government `` By John Locke Essay987 Words   |  4 Pagesaction as unjustly and would rebel against the crown. 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The concept of architecture as a modernistic phenomenon based solely on an individual’s own mind and volition is personified in the impregnable force that Roark embodies in the sense that â€Å"nothing can be reasonable or beautiful unless it’s made by one centralRead MoreReading Volume Is Central Of The World1997 Words    |  8 Pagestheir individual levels. A foundational assumption of the AR program is that students will benefit from high amounts of success reading. The AR program touts its key to success is enabling students to read trade books that are a just right level, that is neither too difficult, nor too easy, for optimal learning to occur. According to the AR program, reading books that are too hard creates frustration, while reading books that are too easy leads to boredom (Renaissance Learning, 2016). The componentRead MoreThe Evolution Of Racism And Discrimination Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagesoriginations as just a word associated with the gardening tool. 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Having discussed the changes and adaptations to historiography over time, it is then possible to analyseRead MoreCritique Of Stephen Seamands Ministry1540 Words   |  7 Pagesbeginning with Karl Barth. The preponderance of evidence provided supports the aut hor’s contention that the grammar of the Christian faith and life is rooted in the doctrine of the Trinity having created the current Trinitarian renaissance. There are three foundational points in this theological approach that provide comprehension for that which seems beyond understanding --- God in one being; God in three persons. First, the main idea is centered on joining with Christ in the continuing ministryRead MoreThe Evolution Of Racism And Discrimination Essay1381 Words   |  6 Pagesoriginations as just a word associated with the gardening tool. 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They lived in periods of uncertainty, political fragmentation, and violence, and these experiences inform and shape their beliefs about how society and government as a whole should function. Socrates responds

As technology progresses more forms of video editing are being introduced Free Essays

As technology progresses more forms of video editing are being introduced, with this comes the easier and more intelligent way of creating suspense during a film, or for sections and events in a film or on Television. There are a number of factors that influence the way in which suspense is created, these are, camera angles shots, sound, lighting and finally editing. All of these factors combined create a very professional and effective way of suspense being built up. We will write a custom essay sample on As technology progresses more forms of video editing are being introduced or any similar topic only for you Order Now Camera angles shots are effective on their own as well as being backed up by sound and lighting. There are many forms of camera angles that are used for different events, for example, a Long Shot (LS) would not be used to show the emotion of someone, to show the emotion and make an effective sequence an Extreme Close-Up (ECU) would be used. The same goes for when a high authority figure is being portrayed. To make someone look powerful a Low Angle Shot (looking upwards at the object) would be used to create a feeling that the viewer is smaller and less powerful that the object that is being portrayed. Sound is used as a form of backing device, which basically supports the camera. There are 4 types of sound, Dialogue, sound effects, ambient sounds and Non-diegetic sounds (especially music). Lighting does more than ‘lighting up and area’, lighting is referred to in two manors, Realist light and Expressive light. Realist light is used to simulate reality, it has worked if you haven’t noticed it being used, and Expressive Lighting is to set the mood or affect our view of a character or an incident. There are three main points of light, Key light, fill light and back light. Key if the main light source on set, Fill removes shadows and Back defines figures outline. Finally there comes editing, there are two main forms of film editing, they are called Continuity Editing and MTV Styles Editing. Features of continuity editing are the 180 and 30-degree rule, shot/reverse shot for dialogue and match cutting. Features of MTV Style Editing are side-steps traditional narrative, more concerned with establishing mood or feeling. There are a few reasons why people distinguish between the two types of editing, it helps focus attention on the editing process and also opens up helpful ways of looking at short forms like adverts and music video. The Untouchables was set in the year 1930, and America pays heavy price for its experiment with Prohibition. Illegal, yet lucrative business of bootlegging made Al Capone (played by Robert de Niro) the undisputed leader of the Chicago underworld and most powerful man in the city. However, despite his public businessman personality, Capone keeps his supremacy by brutal violence, not caring about the lives of innocent people. After a small girl died in one of such incidents. The Federal Government decided to stop the violence by creating a special task force. The force was led by Eliot Ness (played by Kevin Costner). His debut raid on Capone’s warehouse ends up as an embarrassing fiasco, and Ness now knows that he can’t rely on notoriously corrupt local police. The rare exception among Chicago cops is old Malone (played by Sean Connery), who lost his career because of his honesty. Ness gets the idea to create a new unit of few, yet capable and reliable lawmen that would battle Capone’s all-powerful organisation. He and Malone recruited two more men – Treasury accountant Oscar Wallace (played by Charles Martin Smith) and Chicago rookie policeman George Stone (Andy Garcia) – and they started hitting Capone’s operations hard, earning the nickname ‘The Untouchables’ by the press that were following them as they started crushing Capone. The extract in which I am examining for the build up of suspense is the part of the film where Eliot Ness and his partner are waiting at the train station for ‘The Bookkeeper’. Eliot Ness and his partner (both being police officers) arrive at Grand Central Station at five minutes to midnight to intercept the departure of ‘The Bookkeeper’ who is due to travel on the five past twelve train to Miami. As the police officers take up their ‘ambush’ positions the beginning of the suspense sequence begins. By this I mean that with them taking up their positions it in a way makes the viewer think, ‘hey, what’s going to happen here? ‘ As the officers take up their positions the sound of footsteps is amplified (made louder and more noticeable) than that of the normal sounds within a train station. There is also the sound of a large group of people speaking and having a general chitchat. The camera movement between these separate events is frequent yet timed in a way to keep the viewers brain in motion. There are a number of low angle shots, which cause the detectives to look vulnerable as if they are in danger. As a mother and her baby enter the shot, wanting to go up the stairs with a big pram and suitcase. The mother is struggling to move all on her own. Elliot Ness sees the mother struggling, and knows that if she doesn’t get out of there soon she is danger of being shot. Once the mother and baby enter a lullaby starts playing in the background, as if to exaggerate the innocence of the baby and it’s mother. All of the camera shots of the mother and baby are from a bird’s eye perspective. As the mother starts to take the pram and suitcase up the stairs, the baby starts crying. As the mother tries to stop the baby crying the camera jumps in a rapid motion between the baby, Elliot Ness and the clock. The clock is showing the time of about two minutes to twelve. You see the mother and baby from Elliot’s point of view (from his line of sight), which shows the mother and baby not only to be innocent but very vulnerable to the violence that is very probable to happen within the next three to four minutes. At this point there is a considerable amount of suspense that has been built up with the camera constantly flickering between a helpless baby, a struggling mother, a detective poised to shoot people and a clock showing how very little time there is until the gangsters arrive with The Bookkeeper. At this point Elliot, as a natural reaction to help the mother, leaves his ‘ambush’ position and runs down the stairs to help the mother take the baby up the stairs. As he runs towards her he hides his gun so not to alarm her that something dreadful is about to happen. As he goes to help the viewer feels a small sense of relief that the mother and baby are going to fine and unharmed yet there is still the possibility that the gangsters are about to arrive at any minute. As Elliot starts helping the mother orchestral yet dramatic music begins along with the sound of a train. When Elliot is about half way up the stairs the dramatic music becomes louder as he stops. As a man enters the station and stands at the door, there is a high angle shot on Elliot, camera focuses on Elliot and the baby and then the people entering the station. Then a man with a strap on his nose enters the station and stands there smiling. At this point very dramatic music starts playing and the lullaby stops; the camera zooms in for an extreme close up of the gangster’s eyes and Elliot’s face. Elliot draws his gun and shoots this man, as Elliot shoots him he lets go of the pram and the baby and pram start falling down the stairs. There is then lots of shooting and gunshots stand out over all other sounds. The picture starts moving in slow motion, you can hear the prams wheels creaking as the pram starts dropping down the stairs which is the shot twice. You then see the mother screaming but can’t hear her. Elliot and his partner shoot and kill all the gangsters and keep the Bookkeeper alive. Elliot’s partner then runs across and throws up a gun to Elliot, as Elliot’s shotgun was empty, as his partner dives and saves the baby’s pram Elliot shoots the last gangster. It is still unknown whether the baby is alive or not. As Elliot’s partner saves the pram and chaos is restored to normality the lullaby starts again indicating that the baby is ok and then you see a camera shot of the baby. The sequence between the gangster entering and Elliot’s partner saving the babies pram is the climax of the suspense that has been built up by all of the camera’s jumping. During this sequence of scenes there has been alot of MTV Style editing that has taken place. This is because of all the jump cuts that have been used between each picture. A study of how suspense is used in an extract from the film ‘The untouchables’ How to cite As technology progresses more forms of video editing are being introduced, Essays

Breast Implants Essay Research Paper Breast ImplantsWhy free essay sample

Breast Implants Essay, Research Paper Breast Implants Why do adult females acquire breast implants? Do the chest implants make them experience good about themselves? Breast implants are a serious menace because, there are many hazards involved, there are many upsets that are possible, and there are unwellnesss that you could gimmick after the operation. Harmonizing to Marian Segal, many of the adult females who have had breast implants wear t precisely what is in there organic structure. Silicone contains organic compounds, which have the physical belongingss of oils, rosins or gum elastic, and which are more stable when exposed to heat and O thanordinary organic substances. This is the same material that goes into your organic structure doing you think that you look good ( MS Bookshelf ) . There are many processs that need to be followed in order to acquire an application for silicone inflatable chests ( MS Encarta ) . There are assorted trial, experimentation, and ratings that need to be done ( # 8221 ; Student Handbook # 8221 ; ) . The most of import 1s are the ; Chemical Characterization, Pharmacokinetic Studies. These are all trials that the Plastic Surgery and Reconstructive Surgery Devices Branch Division of General Restorative Devicess and the Office Of Device Evaluation all require ( ODE paperss 6 ) . The Chemical Characterization, is an of import trial. It does all of the followers. If fiction of the device involves bring arounding of polymeric constituents by chemical crosslinking, so informations set uping should be provided. This may be done by a assorted methods, for illustration: Measurement of Young s modulus at low strain, as this is about relative to crosslink denseness. Measurement of equilibrium puffiness of the polymeric constituent by a good dissolver. Determination of the sum of unapproachable crosslinker from its concentration in the entire extractible ( ODE paperss 6 ) . Pharmacokinetic or biodegradation surveies of all stuffs contained in the finished sterilised device must be reported. Of particular concern are inquiries sing the ultimate destiny, measures, variety meats deposition, paths of elimination, and possible clinical significance of silicone sloughing, keeping, and migration. It would be good if every adult female would inquire inquiries about all that information ( ODE paperss 8 ) . There are besides many upsets that are possible. A individual can endure from: general anaesthesia, every bit good as sickness, purging and febrility. Infection, hemotoma are besides possible. ( aggregation of blood that causes: swelling hurting and brushing. ) Besides really unsafe is the skin necrosis- when the tissue dies and blood flow doesn T get to the tegument. This can be caused by smoke, Cortone Acetate like drugs, implant that are excessively big for the available infinite ( Segal 4 ) . Autoimmune-like upsets are upsets which # 8211 ; marks include joint hurting and puffiness ; stringency of the tegument, inflammation or swelling. Swelling of custodies and pess are besides possible. A roseola, conceited secretory organs or lymph nodes ; unusual weariness ; general ache. There is besides a greater opportunity of acquiring colds, viruses and grippe. Unusual hair loss, memory jobs may besides happen. Headaches, musculus failing or combustion, sickness or emesis ; and cranky intestine syndrome. Recent surveies have shown, nevertheless, that there is non a big increased hazard of traditional autoimmune, or connective tissue disease, from silicone gel implants every bit good as for saline. Fibrosis or fibromyalgia-like upsets ( hurting, tenderness and stiffness of musculus, sinews and ligaments. ) These are all portion of these upsets ( Segal 5 ) . A portion from the upsets, there are besides many hazard involved in this operation. There could be possible complications of general anaesthesia, every bit good as sickness, purging and febrility. Hemorrhage ( unnatural hemorrhage ) , thrombosis ( unnatural curdling ) . This are all possible hazards during the surgical process ( Segal 5 ) . Capsular contracture ( indurating if the chest due to mark tissue ) , leak or rupture # 8211 ; silicone implants may leak or tear easy, let go ofing silicone gel into environing tissue ; saline implants may tear all of a sudden and deflate, normally necessitating immediate remotion or replacing. Temporary or lasting alteration or loss of esthesis of the mammilla or chest tissue is possible. Formation of Ca sedimentations in environing tissue, perchance doing hurting and hardening. These are all hazards from an implant ( Segal 5 ) . Intervention with mammography readings, perchance detaining chest malignant neoplastic disease sensing by concealing a leery lesion. Besides, it may be hard to separate Ca sedimentations formed in the cicatrix tissue from a tumour when in construing the mammogram. When doing an assignment for a mammogram, the adult female should state the scheduler she has implants to do certain qualified forces are on-site. At the clip of the mammogram she should besides remind the technician she has implants before the process is done, do the technician can utilize particular techniques to obtain the best mammogram and to avoid tearing the implants. ( Segal 5 ) . Breasts implants are really expensive. They besides have many complications. There are excessively many hazards involved. There are besides excessively many side affects and upsets. Merely make what is good for you and what your bosom desires.